First steps after installing FreeBSD
Published on: 19.01.2021 18:45After installing FreeBSD successfully, we will complete the following steps before proceeding with the actual setup.
First we will install the nano editor and the ca_root_nss certificates with the following command:
root#: pkg install nano ca_root_nss
SSD Trim
Here is a short guide on how to activate the trim support of an SSD.
First, we boot into single-user mode.
The following commands are then executed.
tunefs -t enable /dev/ada<partition number>
tunefs -p /dev/ada<partition number>
reboot
Shell
The bash shell isn't included by default with FreeBSD: it's tcsh that we'll be using. It is not recommended to use a shell installed by ports (bash for example) for our root user, as this will not work in case of problems (missing library for example or no access to / usr / local).
If we want to use a different shell for the root account: We change the toor account shell instead (this administrator account is used for this). By default the tcsh does not suggest a color and the PC beeps so we configure it by editing the /etc/csh.cshrc file that is common to all users:
root#: nano /etc/csh.cshrc =>
# Add color to CLI
setenv CLICOLOR true
setenv COLORTERM true
# Disable system beep
set nobeep
Reduce the time of the boot loader menu
The boot loader menu has a 10 second timeout which is a bit long. We'll reduce it to 2 seconds:
root#: sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf autoboot_delay = 2
Deactivate the internal loudspeaker
With the following instruction we can disable the internal speakers:
root#: nano /etc/sysctl.conf =>
kern.vt.enable_bell = 0
hw.syscons.bell = 0
CPU microcode update
This package provides us with microcode updates for use with the microcode cpuctl update function. We can use this to keep the firmware of our processor up to date.
root#: pkg install devcpu-data
root#: service microcode_update enable
root #: service microcode_update start
powerd ++
The powerd ++ daemon is a replacement for FreeBSD's native powerd (8). It monitors the system load and adjusts the CPU clock accordingly.
root#: pkg inst powerdxx
root#: service powerd disable
root#: service powerd stop
root#: service powerdxx enable
root#: service powerdxx start
localization
In order for FreeBSD to be localized in German, we take the following steps:
root#: nano ~/.xinitrc =>
export LC_ALL=de_DE.UTF-8
export LANGUAGE=de_DE.UTF-8
export LANG=de_DE.UTF-8
setxkbmap de
root#: nano ~/.profile =>
LANG=de_DE.UTF-8; export LANG
root #: nano ~/.login_conf =>
me: \
: charset=UTF-8: \
: lang=de_DE.UTF-8: \
: tc=default:
root#: nano /etc/profile =>
LANG=de_DE.UTF-8; export LANG
CHARSET=UTF-8; export CHARSET
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